He attacked Spanish ships carrying treasures from their colonies in South America, and also raided Spanish and Portuguese ports in the Atlantic Ocean. Drake voyaged around the world between to The original purpose of the trip was to raid Spanish ships and ports. The expedition left Plymouth in southwest England on 13 December comprised of five ships: the Pelican , Elizabeth , Marigold , Swan , and Christopher , manned by a total of seamen.
Drake himself sailed on the Pelican, which he renamed mid-voyage to the Golden Hind in honour of his patron Sir Christopher Hatton, whose crest featured a female red deer a 'golden hind'. After reaching South America, Drake was worried that his ships would separate, so gave orders for two of the smaller supply ships to be broken up and the crew transferred to the remaining ships. Following a series of storms, the Marigold was lost at sea and the Elizabeth returned to England after being separated.
The Queen sponsored Drake's expedition to circumnavigate the earth, and upon his return Elizabeth dined on board the Golden Hind at Deptford on the River Thames. Drake was also knighted on board his ship. Icons: The Armada Portrait. Buy Now. Armillary Sphere. A wondrous decorative ornament inspired by the armillary sphere astronomical instrument. This small scale armillary sphere is just the right size for a desk or shelf Discover the rich royal history of the area where Henry VIII built his first tournament ground, Elizabeth I took daily walks in the Park, and where Charles II raced early royal yachts against his brother Visit Us.
Search Want to search our collection? He contributed to the colonisation of the New World. Exploration was obviously in their genes! Drake was definitely not popular! Although vital to the British government and the Queen herself, even the English people were somewhat divided in their view of Drake.
Some admired his achievements and courage, whilst others resented him. Drake and his second cousin, Richard Hawkins, led one of the first slavery trips to West Africa in It was illegal in English law to capture people and transport them, but in those days it was perceived as ok if they were slaves, non-protestants or criminals!
They were attacked by Spanish vessels and only two of the six British ships survived those led by Drake and Hawkins themselves. This, as well as other factors, contributed to fuelling the animosity between Spain and England, leading up to the war in and subsequent Armada.
Queen Elizabeth I had obvious faith in Drake — in she enlisted Drake as a privateer pirate working for the head of a country to sail to the Americas. Queen Elizabeth had to maintain a public attitude of disapproval for his unlawful methods, to try and prevent hostile relations with Spain.
She did approve of the treasure he returned with though! Magellan led the first voyage round the world, but Drake was next, the first Englishman to achieve this. The trip lasted 3 years from In , Drake served as second-in-command during the English victory over the Spanish Armada. The most famous mariner of the Elizabethan Age, he died off the coast of Panama in and was buried at sea. He was brought up in Plymouth by the Hawkins family, relatives who worked as merchants and privateers often referred to as pirates.
Drake went to sea for the first time around the age of 18 with the Hawkins family fleet, and by the s had earned command of his own ship. In , Drake and his cousin John Hawkins sailed to Africa in order to join the fledgling slave trade. When they sailed to New Spain to sell their captives to settlers there which was against Spanish law they were trapped by a Spanish attack in the Mexican port of San Juan de Ulua.
Many of their crewmates were killed in the incident, though Drake and Hawkins escaped, and Drake returned to England with what would be a lifelong hatred for Spain and its ruler, King Philip II. Drake did just that in , capturing the port of Nombre de Dios a drop-off point for silver and gold brought from Peru and crossing the Isthmus of Panama, where he caught sight of the great Pacific Ocean.
He returned to England with a large amount of Spanish treasure, an accomplishment that earned him a reputation as a leading privateer. The voyage was plagued by conflict between Drake and the two other men tasked with sharing command. When they arrived off the coast of Argentina, Drake had one of the men—Thomas Doughty—arrested, tried and beheaded for allegedly plotting a mutiny.
Of the five-ship fleet, two ships were lost in a storm; the other commander, John Wynter, turned one back to England and another disappeared. After plundering Spanish ports along the west coast of South America, Drake headed north in search of a passage back to the Atlantic.
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